Via 
789
"The States united to maintain the independence of each, not the
sovereignty or supreme power of the General Government, that being
merely the agent of the States."
---Extracts from a Speech on the
Question of admitting Missouri into the Union. Delivered in Congress,
the seventh of February, 1820, by Louis M'Lane, Representative from the
State of Delaware.
"This Union, as I shall presently show, is
nothing more than a compact between the States which compose it, and the
General Government.
"The fundamental principle of this, and of
every other republican government, is, that the sovereign power resides,
and is inherent in the people, and not in the government. The
sovereign power is the right of the people to unite together for objects
of their mutual safety and advantage, and to establish a public
authority to order and direct what is to be done by each in relation to
the end of the association. Upon the principle of our Government, all
the sovereignty is in the people; they are the fountain whence it flows
and the General Government has no more power than what the people have
delegated to it for federal purposes. In the establishment of public
authority, a greater or less portion of power may be delegated by the
people, by voluntary engagements; but whatever may be the power
delegated, the sovereignty is not impaired, since it was by their will,
and may be recalled or modified by the same will, when the ends and
objects of their association require it.
"All governments are
instituted for the protection of this right in the people. Before the
formation of the Union, the people of each State were sovereign and
independent; they had exercised their sovereignty in the formation of
State constitutions and governments; they not only retained all power
not given to those governments by their constitutions, but they
possessed the right of altering and changing their constitutions at
will. In virtue of this sovereign power, the people of the old States
consented to form a compact of Union, for their mutual safety and
equality of rights, and they consented to vest in the Government of the
Union certain powers; the better to guarantee to the people the
enjoyment of the remainder. The powers of the General Government are
therefore limited; and all the power not delegated remains with the
States, as far as their constitutions give it, and with the people. In
all other respects, the States and the people are as completely
sovereign as they were before the Union.
"The powers of the
General Government are purely federal; they are neither national nor
municipal; the rights of the people in their State Governments are both
national and municipal. The jurisdiction of the Federal Government
extends to the connections, intercourse, and commerce of the republic
with foreign States and Governments, and with each other as sovereign
independent States. But the administration of their local concerns, the
regulation of their domestic relations, the rights of property,
together with the whole routine of municipal regulations, belong to the
States and the people."
Annals of Congress, Monday, February 7, 1820:
ReplyDeletehttp://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llac&fileName=035/llac035.db&recNum=566
The question of admitting Missouri was discussed for several weeks. It is worth turning the pages and reading what the attitude of first generation legislators was on the subject. (many of the founders were still alive). I have said it for a long time that the Record is the best U.S. history book.
Among other things, it was disccussed that nothing good can come from bringing alien races into the member States, and all negroes should be shipped back to Africa.
Very interesting and here are two links you might like to read. My GG.
Deletehttps://www.namsouth.com/viewtopic.php?t=52&highlight=pippen
https://www.namsouth.com/viewtopic.php?t=50&highlight=pippen
Representative Smyth of Virginia, Friday, January 28, 1820:
ReplyDelete"The claims already made by the manumitted negroes in our country are really worthy of observation. They object with disdain to the plan of the Colonization Society for settling the free blacks in Africa. The plan, say they, is calculated to perpetuate slavery in the United States. They claim that the slaves shall be emancipated, and remain in the country; that they and their posterity shall constitute a portion of the sovereign American people.
"No doubt can exist of the consequences of placing two nations of distinct colors and features on the same theatre, to contend, not about sounds and signs, but for wealth and power. Their manners, will neither be improved, nor their happiness advanced, by sprinkling their cities with a yearly emigration of thieves, murderers, and villains of every degree, though recommended by the training of slavery, a black skin, a woolly body, and an African contour. Rewards and punishments are rendered useless by the lure of free negroes mingled with slaves, and by the reproaches to masters, and sympathies for slaves, breathed forth from the Northern States. Sympathies, such as if the negroes should transfer their affections from their own species to the baboons.
"Sir, it is necessary that every Constitutional effort shall be made, both by the General and State Governments, to effect the future peace of the two people. Let the ocean divide them. Let all except the full-blooded negro slave be colonized immediately, or with the least possible delay. Restore the original distinction, and let no middle caste remain in the country. Let the enslaved blacks be dispersed as much as possible; their situation will become more comfortable, and their chance of being emancipated will become greater; and, as they are emancipated, let them be immediately sent to the colony. For these purposes, let there be a rich colonization fund. You have a right to raise money to provide for the general welfare; and by no appropriation of money that you can make would you more promote the general welfare."
Very good and thanks.
DeleteSmyth County, Virginia, was named in his honor.
DeleteMay we expect a name change ?
Don't say a word. :)
Delete
ReplyDeleteHouse of Representatives
Thursday, September 11, 1913.
Representative Frank Clark (1860-1936) of Florida.
Mr. Chairman, in my humble judgment the greatest danger confronting the people of the United States to-day is their proneness to depart from the teachings of the "Fathers of the Republic". We have weathered many storms since first we set sail upon the sea of nations, but, sir, it occurs to me that we are now facing the most crucial test of our national existence. An irreconcilable contest is brewing. Look at it as we may, try to deceive ourselves as we please, the conflict, the inevitable conflict between the races of Earth, is not far distant.
I am not of that class who are constantly proclaiming their allegiance to the doctrine of the "universal brotherhood of man." God Almighty, for some reason of His own, has separated the races of the earth by a deep and impassable gulf, and it does not lie within the power of a few misguided alleged humanitarians to bridge this gulf. Just so surely as I believe in the existence of God, just so surely do I believe that He has decreed that the Caucasian is the highest type of being in all the realm of creation. These United States have been established by the Caucasian race, and in the providence of God this is, and must forever remain, a white man's country. No matter how widely we may differ respecting our internal economic affairs, when it comes to defending the flag, proud emblem of our glorious institutions, we are all patriots, solemnly pledged to the preservation of freedom in this western land and the maintenance of the integrity of our civilization and the perpetuity of the purity of our race.
The student of world politics who does not realize the impending and irrepressible conflict between the races of Earth has expended his brain force to little purpose.
Amalgamation of negroes with our people, Mr. Chairman, is absolutely unthinkable to a real white man ---one who has red corpuscles in his veins. The white man who for one moment would allow himself to consider this as a solution of the negro problem in the United States is a degenerate who has fallen far below the mental and social standard of the vilest cannibalistic specimen of the African fresh from the jungle.
Thanks and ought to post it on Facebook to see them howl. :)
DeleteBryan Edwards, "The History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies"
ReplyDeletehttps://archive.org/details/historycivilcomm04edwa
"Their standard was the body of a white infant, which they had recently impailed on a stake."
"All the white, and even the mulatto, children, whose fathers had not joined in the revolt, were murdered."
"In one morning they murdered between thirty and fourty Whites and mulattos, not sparing even infants at the breast"
Thanks and reminds me of this:
Deletehttps://www.namsouth.com/viewtopic.php?t=1449&highlight=nat+turner