Via Mike
On the slavery issue, Lincoln and most Northerners,
like most Southerners, thought emancipation should be gradual, just as
it had been in the North. However, neither Lincoln nor most Northern
whites had very sympathetic attitudes toward blacks. Moreover,
Northerners actually feared that emancipated Southern slaves might
emigrate to the North. Only a tiny minority of radical abolitionists
wanted an immediate end to slavery, which disregarded the economic
consequences to the South and the freed slaves.
The abolitionists, although representing less than
two percent of the Northern population, did have a tremendous impact on
Southern thinking. The Free State versus Slave State Controversy erupted
into border warfare between Missouri and Kansas in the 1850’s. Missouri
came into the Union as a Slave State. Approximately 80 percent of its
people were of Southern origin. Not many Missourians owned slaves, but
they were sympathetic to the South and were of conservative Democrat
political persuasion. The North hoped to make Kansas a Free State, and
New England abolitionists encouraged emigration there to secure Northern
Republican domination. Many Southerners, however, also desired to take
advantage of new land opportunities in Kansas. The result was “bleeding
Kansas,” where there was frequent armed conflict between Northern
immigrants and Southern immigrants from Missouri. Southern sympathizers
in Missouri began to engage in reprisals for injustices to Missouri
settlers in Kansas, and bands of Kansas “Jayhawkers” or “Redlegs” began
to raid, burn, loot, and kill in Missouri. Missouri raiders responded by
sacking the Northern abolitionist stronghold of Lawrence, Kansas in
1856.
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